2015全国硕士研究生入学考试中医综合考点背诵口袋书方剂学分册 电子书 mobi pdf txt word 2024 下载

　　本套口袋书是学习中医、准备考研的辅导性读物。涉及考研的中医基础理论、中医诊断、中药、方剂、中医内科、针灸等六门基础学科。 每本书均以考研大纲要求为中心，解析考纲,突出考点。内容上首先分章介绍中医考研大纲，并对考研知识点进行解析，以表格的形式，清晰的展示考点，并对考试中可能涉及的范围进行知识拓展。

第一章  总论

第二章  解表剂

第三章  泻下剂

第四章  和解剂

第五章  清热剂

第六章  温里剂

第七章  补益剂

第八章  固涩剂

第九章  安神剂

第十章  开窍剂

第十一章  理气剂

第十二章  理血剂

第十三章  治风剂

第十四章  治燥剂

第十五章  祛湿剂

第十六章  祛痰剂

第十七章  消导化积剂

第十八章  驱虫剂

第十九章  痈疡剂  

　　李瑞，北京中医药大学教授，从事中医、针灸的教学、临床及科研工作。主编中医专著10余部，撰写学术论文40余篇，主持及参加各级科研课题10余项。

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编辑推荐

　　1. 本书由北京中医药大学研究生部原主任鲁兆麟教授主审，北京中医药大学李瑞教授主编，北京中医药大学知名研究生导师团队倾力打造。 2. 内容以**中医综合考试大纲为中心，权威解析，全面覆盖考点。 3. 结构编排以表格形式突出考点，易于背诵，是广大考生取得高分必备复习手册。

• 作者： 马落西 发布时间：2019-08-11 11:54:36

  太水了，一半写传播学和通信技术入门故事，一半尬吹5G应用场景，最后来一句“5G之后人类将逐渐走向智能共产主义”。一看作者，好特么熟悉的名字。

• 作者： 小鵝聽雷 发布时间：2020-03-14 03:05:50

  请翻阅西班牙罗曼斯的第六行的第二小节和第四小节？可能是我的道行不够，看得我十分困惑，这编者你们自己有拿起吉他对着你们所编的曲子弹一下吗？诸如这些困惑还有许多……

• 作者： Pluto 发布时间：2022-03-13 23:50:07

  《猎犬》出色在环境氛围描写，仿佛荒原涌起的雾气滚滚袭来一般，恐怖感四下包围；《恐怖谷》写法同《血字的研究》，后半段黑帮剧情乍看多余，最后反转却又及其惊艳，精彩！

• 作者： S 发布时间：2019-02-08 22:15:27

  读了另一个版本的电子书结果只有一半！

  我又买了这一版的！

• 作者： 光锥之内 发布时间：2020-06-09 17:18:22

  5月去西藏，在拉萨买了这本书，书出版的时间有些早了，但内容很详细，看得出作者很用心，也看的出作者所付出的极大的心血。总之，这是一本，对于西藏旅行很好的工具书。

• 作者： salmon 发布时间：2019-02-09 23:20:46

  先说说看这本书的几个感觉：1、作者借这个时间节点出书，有点蹭热度的感觉；2、内容有点像任正非文章的解读，对于华为真正的发展及任正非的具体案例讲解太少，更多的是基于任正非的文章提炼出来的华为的文化；3、书中的内容正如任正非对作者本人的评价，空泛儿缺乏具体落地的案例解读；4、一味的吹捧；5、重复啰嗦；6、文章的标题和内容不够一致，逻辑关联也较差。

  收获有一些：对任正非多少有些跟多的了解，每章结束都附有相关的任正非的文章省的去网上搜罗了，另外对华为的文化有了更多的了解，关于文化的部分可以再反复研读。

• 做人做事的普遍原则

  作者：Hammer_ 发布时间：2012-02-03 18:21:57

  Before we commence reading How To Win Friends And Influence People, we should first realize that this book had been written to be used to as textbook for the author's course in Effective speaking and Human relationship and it still used for today.

  So please not categorize this book as Self-help or Motivational book which often be degraded by those who unceasingly declaim how badly they hate this sort of things.

  Dealing with people is probably the biggest problem we face, especially if you are in business. Those principles can apply to all walks of people.

  If you wish to get the most out of this book, there is one indispensable requirement, one essential infinitely more important than any rule or technique. Unless you have this one fundamental requisite, a thousand rules on how to study will avail little.

  What is this magic requirement? Just this: a deep, driving desire to learn, a vigorous determination to increase your ability to deal with people.

  Once you believe,that works.

  “Education,” said the author “is the ability to meet life’s situations,”

  If by the time you have finished reading the first three chapters of this book- if you aren’t then a little better equipped to meet life’s situations, then I shall consider this book to be a total failure so far as you are concerned. For “the great aim of education,” said the author, “is not knowledge but action.”

  And this is an action book :)

  ----------------------------------

  readingnote:

  第一大章：怎样赢得朋友

  原则一：永远不要去批评别人

  很精辟，我们应该转换方式，让他们自己发现，或者用一种温和，婉转的方式，反之就算是中肯的批评也是有害无利

  1.ninety-nine times out of a hundred, people don’t criticize themselves for anything, no matter how wrong it may be.

  2.Criticism is futile because it puts a person on the defensive and usually makes him strive to justify himself. Criticism is dangerous, because it wounds a person’s precious pride, hurts his sense of importance, and arouses resentment

    

  3.Let’s realize that the person we are going to correct and condemn will probably justify himself or herself, and condemn us in return or, like the gentle Taft, will say: “I don’t see how I could have done any differently from what I have.

  4.每当我们想要批评别人的时候，想想这句话：“I don’t see how I could have done any differently from what I have”Judge not, that ye be not judged

  5.最真诚的忠告------勿责人，常思已过：Do you know someone you would like to change and regulate and improve? Good! That is fine. I am all in favor of it, But why not begin on yourself? From a purely selfish standpoint, that is a lot more profitable than trying to improve others - yes, and a lot less dangerous. “Don’t complain about the snow on your neighbor’s roof,” said Confucius, “when your own doorstep is unclean.”

  6.每个人都是感性的动物：When dealing with people, let us remember we are not dealing with creatures of logic. We are dealing with creatures of emotion, creatures bristling with prejudices and motivated by pride and vanity.

  7.我们应该做的：Instead of condemning people, let’s try to understand them. Let’s try to figure out why they do what they do. That’s a lot more profitable and intriguing than criticism and it breeds sympathy, tolerance and kindness. “To know all is to forgive all.”

  ------------------------------

  原则二 如何与人打交道---Give honest and sincere appreciation

  1、（有道理！）There is only one way under high heaven to get anybody to do anything. Did you ever stop to think of that? Yes, just one way. And that is by making the other person want to do it. Remember, there is no other way.

  2.每个人都得到赞扬啊：The deepest principle in human nature is the craving to be appreciated.The desire for a feeling of importance is one of the chief distinguishing differences between mankind and the animals

  3. 赞扬和奉承的区别：The difference between appreciation and flattery? That is simple. One is sincere and the other insincere. One comes from the heart out,the other from the teeth out. One is unselfish,the other selfish. One is universally admired, the other universally condemned.

  4.多点发自内心的感激，别吝啬对我们爱的人的赞扬：When we are not engaged in thinking about some definite problem, we usually spend about 95 percent of our time thinking about ourselves. Now, if we stop thinking about ourselves for a while and begin to think of the other person’s good points, we won’t have to resort to flattery so cheap and false that it can be spotted almost before it is out of the mouth

  5. 真的是这样呢：Let’s cease thinking of our accomplishments, our wants. Let’s try to figure out the other person’s good points. Then forget flattery. Give honest, sincere appreciation. Be “hearty in your approbation and lavish in your praise,” and people will cherish your words and treasure them and repeat them over a lifetime -repeat them years after you have forgotten them

  ------------------------------------------

  原则三. 去谈论人家感兴趣的事----Arouse in the other person an eager want

  1.少谈自己，谈大家的兴趣和利益所在：So the only way cm earth to influence other people is to talk about what they want and show them how to get it. Remember that tomorrow when you are trying to get somebody to do something. If, for example, you don’t want your children to smoke, don’t preach at them, and don’t talk about what you want? but show them that cigarettes may keep them from making the basketball team or winning the hundred-yard dash.（销售的人应该学学，学会从他人的角度看问题）

  2.If out of reading this book you get just one thing- an increased tendency to think always in terms of other people’s point of view, and see things from their angle - if you get that one thing out of this book, it may easily prove to be one of the building blocks of your career.

  3、我们的目的不是为了操纵人，而是实现双赢：Looking at the other person’s point of view and arousing in him an eager want for something is not to be construed as manipulating that person so that he will do something that is only for your benefit and his detriment

  ----------------------------------

  第二大章：怎样让人喜欢你

  原则一：Become genuinely interested in other people--对他人感兴趣

  1.If we want to make friends, let’s put ourselves out to do things for other people -things that require time, energy, unselfishness and thoughtfulness

  2.If we want to make friends, let’s greet people with animation and enthusiasm. When somebody calls you on the telephone use the same psychology

  -------------------

  原则二：经常微笑

  1.Actions speak louder than words, and a smile says, “I like you, You make me happy. I am glad to see you.”That is why dogs make such a hit. They are so glad to see us that they almost jump out of their skins. So, naturally, we are glad to see them. A baby’s smile has the same effect

  2.A man without a smiling face must not open a shop.”Your smile is a messenger of your good will. Your smile brightens the lives of all who see it. To someone who has seen a dozen people frown, scowl or turn their faces away, your smile is like the sun breaking through the clouds. Especially when that someone is under pressure from his bosses, his customers, his teachers or parents or children, a smile can help him realize that all is not hopeless -that there is joy in the world.

  --------------------------------

  原则三：记住别人的名字

  Remember that a person’s name is to that person the sweetest and most important sound in any language

  ----------------------

  原则四： 做一个好的听众，让别人去谈论自己（Be a good listener. Encourage others to talk about themselves）

  So if you aspire to be a good conversationalist, be an attentive listener. To be interesting, be interested. Ask questions that other persons will enjoy answering. Encourage them to talk about themselves and their accomplishments.

  Remember that the people you are talking to are a hundred times more interested in themselves and their wants and problems than they are in you and your problems. A person’s toothache means more to that person than a famine in China which kills a million people. A boil on one’s neck interests one more than forty earthquakes in Africa. Think of that the next time you start a conversation

  ---------------------

  原则五：谈别人感兴趣的事（Talk in terms of the other person’s interests. ）

  -----------------------

  原则六：承认对方的优点和对自己的重要性（Make the other person feel important-and do it sincerely）

  The unvarnished truth is that almost all the people you meet feel themselves superior to you in some way, and a sure way to their hearts is to let them realize in some subtle way that you recognize their importance, and recognize it sincerely. Remember what Emerson said: “Every man I meet is my superior in some way. In that, I learn of him.

  -------------------------------

  第三大章：How to Win People to Your Way of Thinking

  原则一：避免和人辩论，因为你永远不会赢---这个，偶觉得还是方式的问题，不过还是尽量避免好了，因为没啥意义啊！：）The only way to get the best of an argument is to avoid it

  You can’t win an argument. You can’t because if you lose it, you lose it,and if you win it, you lose it. Why?Well, suppose you triumph over the other man and shoot This argument full of holes and prove that he is non compos mentis.Then what? You will feel fine. But what about him? You have made him feel inferior. You have hurt his pride. He will resent your triumph. And A man convinced against his will Is of the same opinion still

  If you argue and rankle and contradict, you may achieve a victory sometimes, but it will be an empty victory because you will never get your opponent’s good wil

  -----------------

  独立一段，关于怎样应对argument的建议：

  一 不同的见解是有益的：Welcome the disagreement. Remember the slogan, “When two partners always agree, one of them is not necessary.” If there is some point you haven’t thought about, be thankful if it is brought to your attention. Perhaps this disagreement is your opportunity to be corrected before you make a serious mistake.

  二：(别相信你的第一直觉印象--适用于异见）Distrust your first instinctive impression. Our first natural reaction in a disagreeable situation is to be defensive. Be careful. Keep calm and watch out for your first reaction. It may be you at your worst, not your best

  三（控制你的脾气）Control your temper. Remember, you can measure the size of a person by what makes him or her angry. Listen first. Give your opponents a chance to talk. Let them finish. Do not resist, defend or debate. This only raises barriers. Try to build bridges of understanding. Don’t build higher barriers of misunderstanding.

  四：求同存异：Look for areas of agreement. When you have heard your opponents out, dwell first on the points and areas on which

  you agree.

  五：诚实： Be honest, Look for areas where you can admit error and say so. Apologize for your mistakes. It will help disarm your

  opponents and reduce defensiveness.

  六：Promise to think over your opponents’ ideas and study them carefully. And mean it. Your opponents may be right. It is a lot easier at this stage to agree to think about their points than to move rapidly ahead and find yourself in a position where your opponents can say: “We tried to tell you, but you wouldn’t listen.”

  七：感谢你的对手：Thank your opponents sincerely for their interest. Anyone who takes the time to disagree with you is interested in the same things you are. Think of them as people who really want to help you, and you may turn your opponents into friends.

  八：给点时间给对方（很重要，很多时候回头看，会觉得当时狠傻，没必要为这问题吵，也从另一方面得出，和人去争论什么，真的没啥意义）Postpone action to give both sides time to think through the problem

  ---------------------------

  原则二：别告诉别人自己比他们要高明

  这段狠有哲理，别证明自己比其他人聪明，就算知道，也别告诉他

  That is a challenge. It arouses opposition and makes the listener want to battle with you before you even start. It is difficult, under even the most benign conditions, to change people’s minds. So why make it harder? Why handicap yourself? If you are going to prove anything, don’t let anybody know it. Do it so subtly, so adroitly, that no one will feel that you are doing it.

  This was expressed succinctly by Alexander Pope: Men must be taught as if you taught them not And things unknown proposed as things forgot.

  Over three hundred years ago Galileo said: You cannot teach a man anything? you can only help him to find it within himself.

  As Lord Chesterfield said to his son: Be wiser than other people if you can? but do not tell them so.

  （勇于承认错误是最对的）You will never get into trouble by admitting that you may be wrong. That will stop all argument and inspire your opponent to be just as fair and open and broad-minded as you are. It will make him want to admit that he, too, may be wrong

  ------------

  原则三：勇于认错

  When we are right, let’s try to win people gently and tactfully to our way of thinking, and when we are wrong and that will be surprisingly often, if we are honest with ourselves - let’s admit our mistakes quickly and with enthusiasm. Not only will that technique produce astonishing results? but, believe it or not, it is a lot more

  fun, under the circumstances, than trying to defend oneself.

  Remember the old proverb: "By fighting you never get enough, but by yielding you get more than you expected.”

  ----------------

  原则四：以友好的方式开始 Begin in a friendly way.

  --------------

  原则五： Get the other person saying “yes, yes”

  ------------------------

  原则六：Let the other person do a great deal of the talking.

  （这里和上面有点重复了，其实这里有很多原则是共通的）

  ----------------

  原则七：Let the other person feel that the idea is his or hers

  卡内基是个中国通，他引用了好多中国古代的谚语和道德经的东西：

  " The reason why rivers and seas receive the homage of a hundred mountain streams is that they keep below them. Thus they are able to reign over all the mountain streams. So the sage, wishing to be above men, put himself below them, wishing to be before them, he put himself behind them. Thus, though his place be above men, they do not feel his weight,though his place be before them, they do not count it an injury.”

  海纳百川，有容乃大

  ------------------------------

  如果仅仅把这书当做是快餐书，励志书，成功学，

  真的很可惜，

  这书流传这么久真有它的道理，一些自以为是的“读书人”可能不屑看这类书，替他们遗憾。

  一本值得反复看的经典之作，最重要是去实践上述的原则，

  要记住：“This is an action book.”

  2012.2.3

  By Hammer

• 《原生家庭.婚恋版》：你才是那个打破伤痛和伤心的恶性循环的人

  作者：听雨 发布时间：2022-08-02 00:44:28

  《原生家庭.婚恋版》：你才是那个打破伤痛和伤心的恶性循环的人

  哲学家叔本华说：

  世界上最大的监狱，是人的思维模式。

  真正让人陷入困境的，从来都不是贫穷，而是认知上的壁垒。

  只有打破壁垒，才能涅槃重生，进入生活新高度。

  这种认知上的壁垒，同样也存在于人们的家庭生活中。

  人的一生，会经历两个家庭，一个是出生和成长的家，即原生家庭，另一个就是长大成人后自己组建的家庭。

  人们在经营自己的新家时，多少都带有原生家庭的影子，会受到父母在这方面的影响，会不自觉地把各人固有的思维模式植入到新的生活中。

  如果你的伴侣父母无害，不参与你们小家生活，你的家相对来说是幸福安宁的，

  但如果你的伴侣父母有毒，事事都要过问，甚至强加干涉，那么你的家可能就是鸡飞狗跳，无一宁日。

  判断父母是否有毒，在《原生家庭.婚恋版》书中，作者苏珊.福沃德是这样写的：

  有毒伴侣父母，会以各种方式攻击你和你的婚姻，并因此制造了大量麻烦。他们要么公开挑衅你，要么采取隐晦的破坏性攻击手段；他们可能通过让你感到内疚或采取经济手段来控制你，也可能仅因为你们的宗教或文化差异就恶意排挤你。一般来说，他们毫无歉意且铁石心肠。

  

  该书封皮

  苏珊.福沃德，美国享有盛誉的心理医师和畅销书作家，受欢迎的演说家，节目嘉宾和媒体人。以数十年咨询经验，直击几乎每个婚姻、恋爱中人必然要面对的问题。她的著作颇丰。其中《原生家庭.婚恋版》，就是让婚恋中迷茫无助的你，找到你的明确界限和有效沟通，在爱人的原生家庭中，找到令自己舒适的位置。

  全书分为两大部分共14章。

  第一部分，有毒的伴侣父母。

  在这一部分，作者用详尽证据告诉我们，毒性最强的姻亲问题源于思维模式，源于你的伴侣父母自身的特点和内心的挣扎，甚至和你完全无关。

  第二部分，守护你的婚姻。

  在这一部分，作者用大量篇幅，为你做好了守护婚姻的准备工作，进行了模拟，完成了观察和反思，学习了新技巧以应对你的所有问题。

  01，有毒伴侣的父母，你们为何如此讨厌我？

  童话故事里，灰姑娘和王子回到皇宫，给人们留下了“从此，他们过上幸福生活”的美好记忆。

  人们喜欢听这样的故事，尤其是女性。

  仿佛每个人都是故事中的灰姑娘，在等待属于自己的王子，没有人知道他们婚后生活是否真的幸福。

  但我们知道，现实版的围城中人，过得并不轻松。

  随着婚后生活的徐徐展开，婆媳/翁婿之间的矛盾接踵而至，令人应接不暇，心力交瘁。

  诸多与有毒伴侣父母的，解不开理还乱的矛盾，甚至影响到了你们婚姻的根基。

  

  百度图片侵删

  沙拉和德文是作者客户，他俩只想要一场安静、私人的婚礼，只邀请最近的亲戚和几个朋友就好。

  而控制欲极强的婆婆克莱尔，却硬要给儿子办一场风光气派，能够给自己撑脸的豪华婚礼。

  在没有同意她意见的情况下，婆婆上演了电话轰炸，导致德文听到电话铃声就会吓一跳。

  岂不知，有种好，是你以为的好，与当事人无关。

  34岁的漂亮业务员霍莉，很胖，和高中就在一起的丈夫结婚两年了。

  在这两年里，丈夫父母依然不接受自己。每次见面，霍莉就像显微镜下的标本，被他们上下打量，什么衣服穿地不对、身材怎么又胖啦……

  甚至在公开场合，像激光一样精准打击霍莉最大的弱点。

  尽管丈夫知道父母对霍莉不好，但也没有给霍莉足够的安全感。

  婚后一年，丈夫跟一女同事有了外遇，此举更深地伤害了霍莉……

  你的伴侣父母为什么要这样对你？问题大多出现在你身上，偶尔也会出现在伴侣身上。导致冲突的真正原因一般隐藏在你父母的潜意识中。

  此时，你要做的是留意自己对伴侣父母存在的认识误区，也要留意伴侣在陷入误区时的做法。

  02，与其低眉讨好，不如丢掉不切实际的期待和幻想，

  姻亲关系，是由你—伴侣—伴侣父母组成的三角关系，三方互动，互相影响。

  你和伴侣来自不同的家庭，自然存在着各种差异，包括为人处事方式，行为举止的习惯，以及每个人在原生家庭中遭遇的事情等。

  不把自己的要求和期待，投射到你的伴侣及其父母身上。

  打破你的认知壁垒，寻找一种与你自己、伴侣及其父母相处的新方式就显得尤为重要。

  

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  当你站在山脚下，你只能看到眼前数百米的风景。

  霍莉的婆婆总是攻击她的体重，这时，霍莉对自己和婆婆都有不切实际的幻想和期待。

  她高估了自己的承受力，高估了婆婆对她言语的杀伤力。

  她总是暗示自己很坚强，不能被婆婆牵着鼻子走，不要跟她一般见识。

  其实你远没有坚强到无坚不摧的地步。被侮辱时感到难过，被攻击时感到生气都是人之常情。

  这样，你就能正确应对婆婆恶言攻击，将负面情绪及时排解掉，对方的杀伤力就不会那么大。

  同样的道理，对自己伴侣和伴侣父母的期待也要降低，接受现实：

  你伴侣的父母没有义务必须要喜欢你、爱你。

  你伴侣父母不会自己做出改变，除非你和你的伴侣坚决采取措施，改变相处模式。

  你伴侣父母可能永远无法符合你内心的期待，而且你加入的新家庭可能永远都是有各类人格与秉性组成的拼贴画。

  当你接受了现实，就不会有受害者心态，自信心和自尊心都会提高。

  当你站在山顶时，所有的风景尽收眼底，再也没有什么能阻挡你的视线。

  03，求之不得，不如放下，直面心魔与自己和解

  夫妻二人，同声自相应，同心自相知。

  想要解决你的问题，需要直面自己的心魔，克服内心深处的恐惧：比如害怕被抛弃，被否定，怕失去。

  

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  娱乐圈曾经的灰姑娘伊能静，在刚成年时，遇上了她认定的王子庾澄庆。

  两个人家境相差很大，伊能静的原生家庭关系复杂，庾澄庆的却是典型的社会名流。

  这对恋人的爱，从一开始就遭到庾妈的坚决反对！

  对于庾澄庆的爱，伊能静在她的书中写到，“爱上你注定是一场苦恋，我沉溺在其中感受所有的欢喜悲伤。”

  卑微地做着哈林的女人14年之后，哈林终于松口说结婚了。

  即使有了两人的爱情结晶，庾家依然伊能静不被婆婆认可。

  庾澄庆夹在中间持有的态度，让伊能静有些寒心，最终还是放下这段刻骨铭心的感情，选择了离婚。

  与其改变别人，不如先改变自己。

  坚定地表达自己的立场，最终捍卫自己的权利。

  关于权利，书中介绍了你自己的权利；和伴侣相处的权利；和伴侣父母相处的权利。

  结束语：

  有人说，投胎是个技术活儿，各人各命。

  又有人说，婚姻是女人的二次投胎。重在会经营。

  有个健康快乐的原生家庭，固然让人欢喜，如果没有也不必消沉。

  只要懂得与伴侣，伴侣父母的相处之道，一样也会幸福快乐。

  如果你还在为自己的家庭和谐发愁，请打开这本书阅读吧。